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Use value of industrial gas
2017-03-17854
Industrial gas is known as the "blood" of industry. With the rapid development of China's economy, industrial gas plays an increasingly important role in the economy. As an important basic raw material of modern industry, gas products are widely used. Industrial gases mainly include oxygen, nitrogen, argon, neon, helium, krypton, xenon, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, acetylene, natural gas, etc., which involve all aspects of industry. The industrial gases mentioned in this paper mainly refer to the three gases of oxygen, nitrogen and argon which can be separated and produced by air filtration equipment, while the rare gases such as krypton and xenon can also be obtained by further purification.
Oxygen, nitrogen and argon are mainly produced by air separation equipment, the principle of which is to use different boiling point temperatures of various gases for separation. In industrial production, air is used as the raw material to change the air into liquid state by means of deep freezing of compression cycle, and then separated from the liquid air by distillation
Large air separation equipment is mainly used in coal chemical industry, chemical fertilizer, petrochemical industry, metallurgical industry and IGCC power generation enterprises, while small and medium air separation equipment is mainly used in small and medium-sized metallurgical, chemical industry, building materials and electronic enterprises. At present, there are two modes for domestic enterprises that use industrial gas on a large scale: one is self built, and the air separation equipment company only provides equipment; the other is outsourcing mode, which allows the air separation equipment company to directly invest in plant construction and provide gas for enterprises. With the strengthening of industrial gas marketization, the application of the latter mode will be more and more
For a long time, the main users of air separation equipment industry are metallurgical enterprises, especially steel enterprises. After entering 2010, the steel industry has entered a period of structural adjustment, and the demand has slowed down. In recent years, policies are promoting industrial integration of iron and steel enterprises, increasing investment in technological transformation to eliminate backward production capacity, improving industrial concentration and energy conservation and emission reduction effect. Since 2014, the fixed asset investment in China's iron and steel industry has been decreasing, with an average annual decrease of 9%. From 2010 to 2015, China eliminated 240 million tons of backward steel production capacity, accounting for 20% of the crude steel production capacity in 2015
The application of air separation equipment in chemical industry is divided into coal chemical industry, petrochemical industry and chemical fertilizer. China's traditional coal chemical industry has entered the mature stage, most of which are facing the pressure of overcapacity. Its main products include coke, calcium carbide, methanol, etc. Taking methanol as an example, the overall operating rate of methanol enterprises is mainly concentrated in 40% - 60%, while the new coal chemical industry, represented by coal gasification and coal liquefaction, is in its infancy and has broad development space in the future
In other areas of the chemical industry, the demand for air separation equipment is stable. In the fertilizer industry, air separation equipment is mainly used for the production of nitrogen fertilizer, accounting for 65% - 70% of China's fertilizer structure. The main fuel of chemical fertilizer is synthetic ammonia. The production and development direction of synthetic ammonia in China is to build large-scale synthetic ammonia production enterprises with coal as raw material and new coal gasification technology, and to eliminate small-scale enterprises with high energy consumption and high pollution. In the production of synthetic ammonia by coal gasification, pure oxygen is used as oxidant to produce hydrogen by coal gasification. After hydrogen reacts with pure nitrogen, synthetic ammonia is generated. Therefore, air filtration equipment is indispensable. The annual production capacity of each 300000 tons of synthetic ammonia needs to be equipped with air separation equipment with an oxygen production capacity of about 30000 m3 / h
According to the development plan of petrochemical and chemical industries, it is necessary to adjust the raw material and power structure of nitrogen fertilizer industry, develop low-grade coal such as bituminous coal and lignite to produce fertilizer, in principle, no new synthetic ammonia plant with anthracite lump coal and natural gas as raw materials will be built, and the replacement and adjustment of technology will also bring about the adjustment of air separation equipment
In terms of petrochemical industry, due to the continuous decline of oil price in the past few years, fixed asset investment in the oil industry has been greatly reduced. At present, the oil price has slowly recovered. The 2017capex released by CNOOC is about 30% higher than 2016, and the refining industry will grow. China's ethylene production has also developed at a stable level in the past three years. It is expected that the overall demand for air separation equipment in the petrochemical industry will grow steadily
In the electric power industry, the large-scale complete set of gas filtration equipment is mainly used in the thermal power generation enterprises adopting the integrated gasification combined cycle power generation system (IGCC) technology. IGCC technology first uses pure oxygen to react with coal to generate gas, which is purified to remove sulfide, nitride, dust and other pollutants, and then becomes a clean gas fuel for fuel power generation. This technology solves the problem of environmental pollution caused by direct combustion of coal in traditional thermal power generation. IGCC technology needs a lot of pure oxygen as oxidant in the process of coal gasification, and the oxygen production capacity of the gas separation equipment is about 60000m3 / h for every 300000 kwh of power generation capacity.
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