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The power industry says that what is more terrible than overcapacity is the waste of capacity
2016-12-08591
In the face of obvious overcapacity, the power generation hours of power equipment have declined sharply. Experts and officials have made thousands of comments to explain the overcapacity, saying that others do not understand the common sense of power, and that the utilization hours of equipment are not the basis for measuring whether the capacity is overcapacity, so what is the basis?
Of course, the focus of today's discussion is not overcapacity, but a more terrible waste of capacity.
With the increase of electricity consumption, excess capacity may be released and converted into normal capacity in the future. That is to say, excess capacity is a relative concept and temporary, but the waste of capacity is a real crime.
1. If you can't distinguish the concepts of overcapacity and capacity waste, let's look at the following two examples.
The first occurred in Yunnan Province. People who know about the power industry all know that in recent years, there have been a lot of "abandoned water" phenomena in Yunnan and Sichuan. That is to say, due to the limited local power consumption and external transmission channels, a large number of water available for power generation in these two large hydropower provinces are released in vain every year. According to statistics, last year, the abandoned water in the two provinces was about 100 billion kwh, including about 60 billion kwh in Yunnan.
According to the normal investment logic, if a region's huge production capacity is not released, it should not add new installed capacity, while Yunnan's situation is the opposite. According to the latest data, in the first three quarters of 2016, Yunnan Province added 2.26 million kilowatts of new wind power grid connected units, generating 1712 hours, both of which ranked first in China. Wind power is also a new energy and should be encouraged to develop. However, in the context of a large number of local hydropower projects, a large number of wind power projects that need financial subsidies should be developed to further reduce the release space of hydropower, which is a typical "waste of production capacity".
Let's look at the example of Beijing. Located in the east of Tongzhou District, about one kilometer away from the sub center of Beijing, Huadian and Beiran co invested 200MW gas triple supply project, which can provide Tongzhou and the sub center with 10 million square meters of heating (cooling) and about 1 billion kilowatt hours of electricity each year. This natural gas filter project can make great contribution to the environmental improvement of Beijing area with serious air pollution The problem is that after the project is put into operation, the heating (cooling) is faced with the dilemma of "not enough to eat". According to the current policy of heat to power, the normal operation of the project with an investment of nearly 3 billion yuan in the future will not be guaranteed.
In this case, the relevant departments should coordinate the shutdown of surrounding coal-fired boilers to use cleaner natural gas filters. However, the current situation is that not only there is no relevant planning in the surrounding area, but also the heating (cooling) of the 1.2 million square meters office space in the sub center is planned to start another stove. According to the introduction of relevant people, the heating of the sub center is planned to introduce new geothermal energy in the future. This makes the original idle capacity unable to play a role, resulting in huge redundant construction and capacity waste.
2. The reason why the waste of production capacity appears and becomes more and more intense is mainly due to the pursuit of the interests of local departments by relevant departments. In the view of local governments, for industry, there is no output without investment. Therefore, for the sake of local economic growth, many local governments have formulated various preferential policies to encourage the investment of industrial enterprises. Even if there is excess capacity, many local governments will let go of enterprise project investment - before that, with the full support of many local governments, there are many projects that have not been approved.
In order to attract investment, some places have changed their ways to issue policies, but after fooling the enterprises in, they fail to fulfill their previous commitments. Anyway, the investment is in place, and whether the enterprises live or die depends on your luck, which has formed a situation of "smiling to welcome guests and shutting down the door to beat the dog" in many places
For enterprises, the construction of power supply or heat source is a typical "horse racing enclosure" industry, which has very strong regional and exclusive characteristics, that is, when a company invests in a power station in a certain area, other enterprises cannot add new power investment in the same area without significant power consumption growth. Therefore, even if there is even a little investment space in a certain area, it will be Power generation enterprises compete to circle. This leads to fierce competition in power investment, and easy to over invest, leading to waste.
3. At present, there are so many similar waste capacity in China, there is no unified planning, or local governments and enterprises are competing for their own interests, resulting in this waste in the context of overcapacity.
Of course, there are also enterprises in the integration of resources, the opposite way, and out of a cost-effective way.
Located near the new Chaoyang shopping center in Langfang City, Hebei Province, there is a natural gas distributed energy station project, which has been put into operation by integrating multiple resources. In this area, there are shopping malls, hotels, hospitals, universities, enterprises and residential areas. Before the transformation, each of the above-mentioned units has a coal-fired boiler for heating (cooling), but the heat load of each unit is very limited, and the utilization rate of equipment is 20-30%. With the increasingly serious gas pollution, the above-mentioned coal-fired boilers are facing the pressure of natural gas transformation, but the coal to gas transformation After that, it will greatly increase the operating cost of the enterprise.
In more than 50 major industries in China, except for a few, almost all of them have the problem of overcapacity, which has become a huge obstacle to sustained economic growth. In this case, if we still allow the development of waste capacity, it will become a cancer of our economy. Only out of the interests of the Department,
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