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Selection and application of filter cartridge for gas separation air inlet filter
2017-02-06674
1. Introduction to the principle of air inlet filter
The air inlet filter is a "Mask". It has no power. The power comes from the negative pressure at the suction inlet of compressor, gas turbine and other equipment. Under the negative pressure, the inlet filter absorbs the air in the surrounding environment. When the air enters the filter, it will be filtered through the filter cartridge. A part of the larger particle dust in the air will settle to the filter under the action of gravity and inertia force At the bottom of the filter cartridge, fine dust particles are deposited on the surface of the filter cartridge through the combined effects of Brownian diffusion and fiber interception on the filter cartridge. After a period of dust accumulation on the filter cartridge, the resistance increases. When the resistance reaches the set value, the pulse back blowing system starts, and the back blowing gas impacts the filter cartridge from the inside of the filter cartridge, and the dust on the filter cartridge is vibrated off, and the resistance decreases. The filtered gas enters the clean air chamber, and then is sent out to the compressor, steam turbine and other equipment by the air outlet pipe.
2. Current situation of air inlet filter cartridge
For compressor, gas turbine and other high-speed running machines, dust particles and dust are one of the reasons that affect the long-term normal operation of the equipment. Expensive air power equipment is the key equipment that must be operated all year round. In order to ensure their trouble free and efficient operation and minimize the shutdown times and maintenance workload, it is necessary to set air filter at the air intake to reduce the damage of dust to the equipment. Although the inlet filter is very important, there are still many problems in the selection and use of the filter cartridge of the inlet filter, mainly reflecting the following problems:
① no pre filtration: large particle dust (particle size ≥ 5um) impacts the filter cartridge and air flow channel, causing surface wear. The service life of the filter cartridge is very short, and the filter cartridge is easy to be damaged.
② low precision of filter cartridge: small particle dust (particle size < 5um) forms solid scale inside the equipment, which affects the air flow movement, reduces the operation efficiency of the equipment, makes the "surge curve" drift, and sometimes destroys the "dynamic balance".
③ the filter cartridge cannot prevent corrosive dust: the corrosive dust causes chemical corrosion of the equipment and shortens the service life of the filter cartridge and the equipment.
④ poor dampproof performance of the filter cartridge: the filter cartridge cannot be restored in time after being damped, and the inlet filter continues to operate with high resistance, which reduces the operation efficiency of the equipment and high energy consumption.
⑤ poor air permeability of filter cartridge: under the same accuracy, many filter cartridges with poor air permeability will make the resistance of inlet filter rise rapidly, run with high energy consumption, short service life of filter cartridge and high overall operation cost.
3. Selection of air inlet filter cartridge
In fact, the selection of the filter cartridge of the inlet filter involves many aspects, not only the filter cartridge itself, but also the design of the whole system. Therefore, when selecting the filter cartridge, it should refer to the treatment air volume, surrounding environment, pre filtration, etc
1) conditions required for actual operation: mainly consider the working conditions of different types of compressors and gas turbines, the expected pressure loss (pressure drop) for operation, the filtering wind speed and efficiency of the filter cartridge, the size of the filtering target particle pollutant, the dust capacity, the dust capacity form (surface filtration or deep filtration), etc. Every item here needs to be considered in the design.
2) design of treated air volume: from the point of view of use effect, of course, the larger the treated air volume is, the better. In the design of air compressor and gas turbine inlet filter, conservative design is often seen to increase the matching of air volume. Generally, the design is based on twice the design, sometimes considering the use effect will be designed larger, but some owners pay more attention to the initial investment cost, so sometimes users The short service life of the complaining filter cartridge is actually the reason why the matching is too small.
3) design of filter cartridge: the design of filter cartridge mainly considers the installation method, filter area, filter cartridge screen, sealing ring and filter cartridge material selection, each of which has different requirements. For example, the installation method involves space location, maintenance and replacement, and the filtering area will affect the air volume of the filter cartridge, the filter cartridge screen involves the back blowing and the strength of the filter cartridge, and the sealing ring will affect the filter cartridge The stability of sealing performance and the selection of filter material will affect the service life and filtering accuracy of the whole filter. Therefore, each option has its own detailed consideration, rather than a static filter can be applied to all conditions.
4) surrounding environment: the surrounding environment needs to take into account two aspects: one is the objective climate around, such as changing seasons, deserts, coastal areas, cities, severe cold and other different environments, which will have an impact on the selection of filter cartridges; the other is the surrounding related enterprises (such as thermal power plants, water towers, chemical plants, etc.), agricultural activities, wind direction (facing the wind) Wind, leeward), the height of the air intake from the ground (local airflow caused by the building and terrain), which need to be considered in the design and selection.
5) multistage filtration: multistage filtration involves pre filtration and high-efficiency filtration at the back end. In many cases, it is difficult to complete the filtration requirements by relying on the primary filter cartridge alone, such as catkins, insects, sandstorm, humidity, fog, rain, salt, snow, smoke and other situations, which require selective addition of pre filtration such as climate cover, screen, inertia separator, moisture coalescer, metal screen, non-woven cotton, etc. In the case that the air intake requirement is h11-h13 or higher, three-stage high efficiency filter can be added. Adding multi-stage filtration can not only protect the filter and the filter cartridge very well
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